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List of parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention : ウィキペディア英語版 | List of parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention
The member states of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) encompasses the states who have signed and ratified or acceded to the Chemical Weapons Convention, an international agreement outlawing the production, stockpiling and use of chemical weapons. On January 13, 1993, the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) was opened for signature. Fiji became the first state to ratify the treaty on January 20, 1993.〔 The treaty entered into force on April 29, 1997,〔 after it had been ratified by 65 states.〔Chemical Weapons Convention, (Article 21 ).〕 The treaty was closed for signature on the preceding day, and states that did not sign the convention can now only accede to it.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Non-Signatory / Non-Acceding States )〕 For states that ratified or acceded to the treaty after this date, the convention entered into force for them 31 days after their deposit of the instrument of ratification or accession. A total of 196 states may become members of the Chemical Weapons Convention, including all 193 United Nations member states, the Cook Islands, Holy See and Niue. As of September 2015, 192 states have ratified or acceded to the treaty (most recently Angola on 16 September 2015) and another state (Israel) has signed but not ratified the treaty.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction )〕 Only Egypt, North Korea and newly independent South Sudan have neither signed nor acceded to the treaty. Aside from South Sudan, the other three states which are not parties have been accused of possessing chemical weapons. Of the four non-parties, Ahmet Üzümcü, director-general of the OPCW, stated in December 2013 that South Sudan was "very close" to becoming a party to the CWC, but that the remaining three states (Egypt, Israel and North Korea) had "regional reasons" for not joining. Egypt has promised to ratify the CWC if Israel, the only state in the Middle East that is believed to possess nuclear weapons, signs the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. Israel, meanwhile, has stated that it will ratify the CWC if all other non-parties in the region (of which only Egypt remains) do so as well,〔 though it has been reluctant to sign up due to an unwillingness to grant OPCW inspectors access to its military bases. North Korea is thought to be unlikely to become a party for the foreseeable future. == List of states parties ==
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